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Invar 36

General Description
Invar 36, also known as FeNi36, is iron-nickel alloys have low coefficients of expansion over only a rather narrow range of temperature. It has a low coefficient of expansion from cryogenic temperatures to about 260℃. In the dry air at home temperature, invar 36 has good resistance to corrosion. But in moist air, it may go corrosion.
Invar 36 is suitable for the applications who require low coefficient of expansion, such as production, storage and transportation of liquid gas, temperature regulation devices working below 200℃, aperture mask, unit frameworks working below -200℃ and so on.
Chemical Composition

Grade	C%	Si%	P%	S%	Mn%	Ni%	Fe%
Invar 36	Max 0.05	Max 0.30	Max 0.020	Max 0.020	0.20-0.60	35.0-37.0	Bal.

Specifications

Grade	UNS	Werkstoff Nr.	Strip/Sheet
Invar 36	K93600	1.3912	ASTM B388/B753

Physical Properties

Grade	Density	Melting Point
Invar 36	8.1 g/cm3	1430°C

Coefficient of Expansion

Alloy	Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion ā,10-6/℃
	20-50℃	20-100℃	20-200℃	20-300℃	20-400℃	20-500℃
Invar 36	0.6	0.8	2.0	5.1	8.0	10.0

Size Range
Invar 36 wire, bar, rod, strip, forging, plate, sheet, tube, fastener and other standard forms are available.
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Kovar

General Description
Kovar is a nominal 29%Ni-17%Co-54%Fe alloy that is a well-known glass-sealing alloy suitable for sealing to hard glasses. Kovar has a nominal expansion coefficient of approximately 5 ppm/°C and inflection temperature of ~450 °C (840 °F).
Kovar (ASTM F15) has been used for making hermetic seals with the harder Pyrex glasses and ceramic materials. This alloy has found wide application in power tubes, microwave tubes, transistors, and diodes. In integrated circuits, it has been used for the flat pack and the dual-in-line package.
Chemical Composition

Grade	C%	P%	S%	Mn%	Si%	Cu%	Cr%	Mo%	Ni%	Co%	Fe%
Kovar	Max 0.03	Max 0.020	Max 0.020	Max 0.50	Max 0.30	Max 0.20	Max 0.20	Max 0.20	28.5-29.5	16.8-17.8	Bal.

Specifications

Grade	UNS	Werkstoff Nr.	ASTM
Kovar	K94610	1.3981	F15

Physical Properties

Grade	Density	Melting Point
Kovar	8.17 g/cm3	1449°C

Mechanical Properties

Grade	Tensile Strength N/mm²
	Soft	1/4 Hard	1/2 Hard	3/4 Hard	Full Hard
Kovar Strip	<570	520-630	590-700	600-770	>700
Kovar Wire	<585	585-725	655-795	725-860	>860

Coefficient of Expansion

Alloy	Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion ā,10-6/℃
	20-200℃	20-300℃	20-400℃	20-450℃	20-500℃	20-600℃	20-700℃	20-800℃
Kovar	5.9	5.3	5.1	5.3	6.2	7.8	9.2	10.2

Size Range
Kovar Wire: ￠0.1mm-￠9mm
Kovar Bar: ￠11mm-￠200mm
Kovar Strip: 75-110mm*0.15-22mm
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Alloy 42

General Description
Alloy 42 is a low expansion alloy which is very similar to Invar 36. It has a low expansion up to about 300℃. Principally used as strip for semiconductor lead frames in integrated circuits and bi-metal strip, the alloy can be also used in ceramic to metal seals with alumina and the glass bulb envelope to metal seals.
Chemical Composition

Grade	C%	P%	S%	Mn%	Si%	Al%	Co%	Ni%	Fe%
Alloy 42	Max 0.05	Max 0.020	Max 0.020	Max 0.80	Max 0.30	Max 0.10	Max 1.0	41.0-42.5	Bal.

Specifications

Grade	UNS	Werkstoff Nr.	Wire/Strip/Sheet/Bar
Alloy 42	K94100	1.3917	ASTM F30

Physical Properties

Grade	Density	Melting Point	Electric Resistivity
Alloy 42	8.12 g/cm3	1440°C	0.61μΩ·m

Mechanical Properties

Grade	Tensile Strength N/mm²
	Soft	Hard
Alloy 42 Strip	<590	>700

Coefficient of Expansion

Grade	Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion ā,10-6/℃
	20-100℃	20-200℃	20-300℃	20-400℃	20-450℃	20-500℃	20-600℃
Alloy 42	5.6	4.9	4.8	5.9	6.9	7.8	9.2

Size Range
Alloy 42 Wire: ￠0.1mm-￠9mm
Alloy 42 Bar: ￠11mm-￠200mm
Alloy 42 Strip: 75-110mm*0.15-22mm
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